Osteoarthritis is a condition that involves all parts of the joint, including cartilage, bone, joint capsule, joint fluid, ligaments and muscles. Due to inflammation, some people experience localised loss of cartilage in one or more joints and a insufficient remodelling of adjacent bone.

Normally, the body will initiate a process to repair the cartilage and build new collagen. While the process is slow, it is an efficient way for the body to repair the joint.

However, in some people, either due to an injury or a compromised repair process, the cartilage damage and deterioration leads to osteoarthritis or ‘joint failure’.